Optical fiber composite overhead ground wire (OPGW) is to put the optical fiber unit into the overhead ground wire, organically combine the optical cable and the ground wire, and can transmit audio, video, data and other information under the premise of ensuring the original electrical and mechanical properties of the overhead ground wire. Compared with other types of optical cables, it has high reliability; it is suitable for installation on power lines of various voltage levels, and the construction and installation are simple; it can withstand greater stress and has a strong tolerance to strong winds, ice, etc.; it is protected by the outer metal layer, which can effectively avoid communication line failures caused by lightning strikes and short-circuit currents in traditional power communication systems; it can accommodate a large number of optical fiber cores; it has a long service life, generally more than 25 to 30 years. Due to the above advantages, OPGW optical fiber communication has been widely used as an ideal communication means in power systems.
The so-called fiber optic cable formation requires us to first understand fiber optics. Fiber optic communication is a communication method that uses laser as the information carrier and fiber optic as the transmission medium. Fiber optic serves as the transmission medium for fiber optic communication.
1. Basic structure of optical fibers
Fiber optic is drawn from two or more layers of transparent media and generally includes three parts: core, cladding, and coating.
2. Types of communication optical fibers
Communication optical fibers can generally be divided into three categories: step refractive multimode quartz fibers, gradient refractive multimode quartz fibers, and single-mode quartz fibers. G. 652 is the simplest single-mode fiber, also known as conventional single-mode fiber or standard single-mode fiber. Based on different transmission rates, G.652 optical fibers are further divided into several categories:
① G.652A type optical fiber: The transmission distance of a 10Gb/s system can reach 400km, and the transmission distance of a 40Gb/s system can reach 2km.
② G.652B type optical fiber: The transmission distance of a 10Gb/s system can reach over 3000km, and the transmission distance of a 40Gb/s system can reach 80km.
③ G.652C fiber: Similar to G.652A fiber, but can operate in the 1360-1530nm wavelength range.
④ G.652D fiber: Similar to G.652A fiber, but can operate in the 1360-1530nm wavelength range.
3. Analysis of fiber optic characteristics
Fiber loss refers to the attenuation of optical power caused by absorption, scattering, and other reasons after optical signals are transmitted through optical fibers. The main factors affecting fiber loss include intrinsic loss, manufacturing loss, and additional loss. Due to the fact that the main component of the optical fiber core used in the communication system is quartz glass, i.e. SiO2, and the quartz fiber itself is not sensitive to temperature, the performance of the fiber coating becomes a key factor in ensuring the transmission performance of the fiber under extremely cold conditions. The performance of coating materials is prone to change with temperature, which leads to an increase in fiber loss when the temperature deviates from room temperature.
Although coated and coated optical fibers have a certain compressive strength, they still cannot withstand bending, twisting, strong stretching, and lateral pressure, nor can they withstand the effects of harsh environments such as extreme temperature and humidity. Fiber optic cable formation refers to the process of combining multiple optical fibers with various protective components, packaging them into bundles, and forming optical cables.
1. The necessity of fiber optic cable formation
The main reasons why communication optical fibers need to be used as cables in practical applications are as follows:
(1) Optical cables are easy to install, lay, inspect, and maintain in engineering.
(2) Fiber optic cables can better protect optical fibers from the mechanical effects of various forces during the laying process.
(3) Fiber optic cabling can avoid adverse environments that may affect the performance of optical fibers.
2. Structure of optical cable
Fiber optic cable is a practical optical cable product that consists of several optical fibers combined with various protective components and packaged into bundles. Normally, optical cables consist of four parts: cable core, strength components, water blocking material, and sheath.
Power communication optical cables mainly include OPGW, OPPC, ADSS optical cables, and optoelectronic composite cables. The supporting communication system of the power backbone network mainly uses OPGW optical cables, whose basic structure is composed of a metal protective tube twisted with metal (aluminum clad steel, aluminum alloy, etc.) armored wires. In addition to undertaking communication functions, it also needs to meet the mechanical and electrical performance requirements of the power line.
3. Fiber optic filling ointment
Fiber optic filling paste is a viscous semi-solid substance formed by dispersing one (or several) gelling agents into one (or several) base oils. The main function of fiber optic ointment is to prevent the fiber optic from being corroded by moisture. In addition, fiber paste can also serve as a cushion, buffering the mechanical forces such as vibration, impact, and bending that the fiber optic is subjected to. In addition, the use of fiber paste can better ensure the mechanical properties of optical fibers and extend their service life.
4. Aluminum clad steel in OPGW optical cables
Aluminum clad steel is an important component of OPGW optical cables. Due to the low-temperature brittleness of ordinary steel, the decrease in temperature has a significant impact on its mechanical performance indicators. As the temperature decreases, the yield strength (fy) and ultimate strength (fu) of the steel will increase, while the plasticity, elongation (δ), and cross-sectional shrinkage (ω) of the steel will decrease. Low temperature brittleness is the main indicator reflecting the performance of steel at extreme low temperatures, and the low temperature brittleness of steel is mainly affected by the following factors:
(1) Alloying elements
(2) The influence of metallurgical processes on low-temperature brittleness
(3) The effect of heat treatment on low-temperature brittleness
5. Application of OPGW optical cable
OPGW optical cables are mainly used on 500kV, 220kV, and 110kV voltage level lines. Due to factors such as power outages and safety, they are mostly used on newly built lines.
(1) Lines with high voltage exceeding 110kV have larger spans (usually above 250M);
(2) Easy to maintain, easy to solve line crossing problems, and its mechanical characteristics can meet the needs of large line crossings;
(3) The outer layer of OPGW is metal armor, which has no effect on high-voltage corrosion and degradation;
(4) OPGW must be powered off during construction, resulting in significant losses. Therefore, OPGW should be used in the construction of high-voltage lines above 110kV.
OPGW Cable Detail reguirements need to be sent to us for cable desian and price calculation. Below requirements are a must.
A、Power transmission line voltage level
B、fiber count
C、Cable structure drawing & diameter
D、Tensile strength
E、Short circuit capacity
Send Email 
WhatsApp
